Application of OTA technology in remote upgrade of automobiles

The book "UDS Protocol and Implementation for New Energy Vehicle Diagnosis" mentions the application of OTA (Over the Air) technology in remote vehicle upgrades. OTA technology is divided into two categories: firmware online upgrade (FOTA) and software online upgrade (SOTA). FOTA is mainly aimed at firmware upgrades of electronic control units such as engines, transmissions, motors and chassis, while SOTA is based on the operating system, updating applications, UI interfaces, in-vehicle maps, and audio and video entertainment applications.