Detailed explanation of automobile ECU functional modules

The automotive electronic control unit (ECU) is the core component of modern cars, responsible for processing and executing complex computing tasks. It mainly consists of seven main modules: power supply, input buffer, AD converter, microcontroller, EEPROM, output driver and communication driver/receiver. The power module is responsible for providing stable voltage to each module in the ECU, the input buffer module is responsible for converting the digital input signal to a signal level that the microcontroller can handle, and the AD converter module converts the analog input signal into a digital value. The microcontroller module is the brain of the ECU, responsible for calculating the control quantity based on the input signal and outputting it. The EEPROM module is a memory that can save data even after the power is turned off. The output driver module is responsible for converting the output signal of the microcontroller into a signal form that the actuator can understand, while the communication driver/receiver module is responsible for converting the output data of the microcontroller into a communication signal that meets the communication protocol and converting the signals sent by other ECUs into a signal level that the microcontroller can handle.