Huge investment in R&D of new energy vehicles

New energy vehicle companies have huge R&D investments. From 2021 to 2023, Zeekr's R&D expenses were 3.16 billion yuan, 5.446 billion yuan, and 8.369 billion yuan, respectively. In comparison, in 2023, NIO's R&D expenses were 13.43 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 23.9%; Ideal's annual R&D expenses were 10.59 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 56.1%; Tesla's annual R&D expenses exceeded 3.9 billion US dollars, and it also called for "investing more than 10 billion US dollars in the field of autonomous driving" in 2024.